Hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxidant and free radical generation. The current findings may have significant implications in

Hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxidant and free radical generation. The current findings may have significant implications in the context of the emerging concept of tight glycemic control for critically ill patients.P124 Influence of diabetes and HbA1c on the course and outcome of sepsis in the intensive care unit1ClinicalI Gornik1, O Gornik2, V Gasparovic1 Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; 2University of Zagreb, Croatia Critical Care 2007, 11(Suppl 2):P124 (doi: 10.1186/cc5284) Introduction It is an accepted opinion that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at higher risk when treated for infections, although published data are lacking. Our recent research on nonICU septic patients showed that admission HbA1c is in correlation with outcome. The aim was to evaluate the impact of DM on the course and outcome of patients with sepsis in ICU, as well as to evaluate the value of HbA1c as an outcome predictor in PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20800871 the ICU. Methods In a prospective, 3-year observational study, patients with sepsis, Acumapimod supplier severe sepsis and septic shock admitted to a medical ICU were included. Patients with DM were compared with nondiabetics in terms of course and outcome. HbA1c was measured for all patients with DM. Hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU and in hospital were the outcome measures. The incidence of organ failure, ARDS, hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were used as indicators of the disease course. Nonparametric tests, multiple regression and logistic regression were used in statistical analyses. Results Two hundred and twenty-nine patients with sepsis at admission (19.6 of all 1,169 ICU patients), 59 with DM, were included. Mortality in the ICU was 34.7 ; the median ICU LOS was 8 (95 CI 7?.3) days. Patient with DM, compared with nondiabetics, had higher mortality (38.9 vs 34.1 , P = 0.60) and longer ICU LOS (median 6 vs 10 days, P < 0.001), and higher incidence of renal failure, HAP, VAP. Surviving patients had significantly lower HbA1c levels (6.6 vs 9.6, P = 0.001). In a logistic regression, DM was found to be related to lethal outcome, together with APACHE II and SOFA scores. In multiple regression, DM related to LOS together with SOFA score and age. HbA1c was found to be independently related to ICU outcome together with SOFA score. Conclusion The ratio of patients with DM among ICU patients with sepsis exceeds greatly the incidence of DM in the population. This emphasizes the risk they have. DM was associated with worse outcome, longer ICU and hospital LOS, and with higher incidence of complications. HbA1c was confirmed as an outcome predictor for ICU patients.Conclusion High concentrations of glucose, mannitol and urea lead to a significant increase in IL-6 and IL-1 cytokine production by PBMC in vitro. The most profound effect was seen with hyperglycemia. Besides hyperglycemia, also uremia and high osmolarity seem to augment inflammation. Insulin could not reverse the increase in inflammation. These findings may be relevant in explaining the beneficial effects of normoglycemia on the inflammatory response in critically ill patients.P123 Insulin therapy inhibits poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase activation in endotoxin shockC Szabo1, E Horvath1, R Benko2, D Gero2 1University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA; 2Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary Critical Care 2007, 11(Suppl 2):P123 (doi: 10.1186/cc5283) The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is act.