Swers to the research concerns are VBIT-4 References supplied plus a couple of remarksSwers for

Swers to the research concerns are VBIT-4 References supplied plus a couple of remarks
Swers for the research questions are offered as well as a couple of remarks about prospective study development are proposed. two. An Overview with the Legislative Discipline on renewable Energy Communities in Europe: The Circumstances of France, Germany and Spain In order to give a term of comparison regarding the degree of improvement of the renewable power communities in Italy, within this section a short analysis in the existing state of development of REC in Germany, France and Spain is supplied (The three nations happen to be chosen as a benchmark offered their similarity with Italy with regards to dimension and socio-economic structure). In Germany, the active participation of citizens inside the power field has a powerful tradition, since it dates back for the 20th century [13]. In unique, thanks to the adoption on the Renewable Energy Sources Act (Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz–EEG) on 1 April 2000, there has been a re-emergence of your organizational form on the cooperatives inside the energy sector, and its peak was reached in 2011 [14]. Additionally to the EEG, the power industry liberalization along with the choice to abandon nuclear electrical energy production have contributed towards the improvement of power self-production initiatives. In unique, this kind of production resulted within the opening with the industry to a wider variety of subjects, stimulation in the competitors, too as in the birth of bottom-up projects [15]. The EEG, which is a series of laws, was initially adopted to encourage the generation of renewable energies by means of the adoption of your fed-in-tariff. Because the year 2000, it has been revised many instances, and the final version came into force on 1 January 2021. On the other hand, it was in 2017 that an amendment in the EEG established the gradual phase-out in the fed-in-tariff, and in the same time, it introduced the so known as “citizens power companies” (B gerenergiegesellschaften).Energies 2021, 14,4 ofThe “citizens power companies”, as ruled by the 2017 EEG version, have some frequent capabilities together with the renewable power communities introduced by the Directive 2018/2001, but don’t respect all of the requirement posed by the EU Directive itself. The aim of your “citizens power companies” would be to overcome small-sized plants that happen to be not cost-efficient enough, by enforcing the connection among various plants via the distribution of financial incentives [16]. Additionally, Germans are favorable towards such kind of collective initiatives as they have a tendency to contemplate the participation to renewable power projects a “civic engagement” [17]; trust has been noted to be one of the most essential element for the results of projects involving renewable energies production and distribution [18]. The legislative framework concerning REC has been partially modified by the Federal law n. 574/2021, approved by the Bundesrat and published on 30th August 2021, which has transposed the Directive 2018/2001. The second most populated MCC950 NOD-like Receptor nation in EU, France, in 2015 adopted the Energy Transition Law for Green Growth (LTECV), that for the initial time introduced precise measures, the so-called “participatory bonuses”, to market the improvement and participation of neighborhood citizens in renewable power projects. This law had the merit of producing it simpler to make citizens’ power production projects that may very well be financed by each the regional citizens and municipalities. Afterwards, RECs are explicitly described by post 40 of your Law n. 2019-1147 concerning the energy and climate, which has transposed the.