T FA profile. McMeans et al. [14] lately showed that FA profile of muscle within

T FA profile. McMeans et al. [14] lately showed that FA profile of muscle within the Greenland shark could be the most representative of its prey FA profiles. It can be thus assumed right here that the muscle tissue of M. alfredi is representative of its diet, however the extent to which the FA profile of your subdermal connective tissue of R. typus reflects its diet is unknown. Particular species of phytoplankton which includes diatoms, and some macro algae which include Rhodophyta can biosynthesise n-6 PUFA, with levels of over 40 (as wt ) of AA recorded [20, 21]. Though phytoplankton and macro algae happen to be reported in R. typus stomach contents, theyLipids (2013) 48:1029?Table three S1PR3 Biological Activity Polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of chondrichthyan, planktivore, significant pelagic and detrivore species P P Species Feeding habitat Tissue nn- AA EPA DHA three 6 Whale shark–R. typus (mol ) Whale shark–R. typus (wt ) Reef manta ray–M. alfredi (mol ) Reef manta ray–M. alfredi (wt ) Other chondrichthyes Port Jackson shark–Heterodontus portusjacksoni Sandy-backed stingaree–Urolophus bucculentus Southern chimaera–Chimaera fulva Angel shark–Squatina australis Longnose velvet dogfish–Centroselachus crepidater Shortnose spurdog–Squalus megalops South China catshark–Apristurus sinensis Broadnose sevengill shark–Notorynchus cepedianus Planktivores Leatherback turtle–Dermochelys coriacea Jellyfish–Aurelia sp. Finwhale–Balaenoptera physalus Anchovies–Engraulis mordax mordax Large pelagics Dolphin–mixed species Gray whale–E. robustus Ocean sunfish–Mola mola Motilin Receptor Agonist custom synthesis Benthic feeders Sea cucumber–Holothuria scabra Sea urchin–Heliocidaris erythrogramma Dusky rabbitfish–Siganus nebulosus Benthic–deposit feeder Benthic–deposit feeder Benthic–deposit feeder Whole Whole Muscle ten.7 ten.7 18.five 22.six 14.six 20.5 19.1 6.1 12.four 8.2 8.three 1.three 1.five 0.four 14.6 Epipelagic– carnivore Pelagic–planktivore Pelagic–carnivore Muscle Muscle Muscle 29.4 10.8 16.three 18.six 14.2 four.7 7.73 six.4 7.five eight.eight 7.6 1.2 17.0 Epipelagic– planktivore Epipelagic– planktivore Pelagic–planktivore Pelagic–planktivore Muscle Complete Blubber oil Whole 15.5 34.five 6.7 22.9 17.three 12.2 two.3 four.9 15.five 9.9 0.three 0.4 six.1 14.1 1.8 13.five 5.7 9.8 2.74 8.eight Demersal–carnivore Demersal–carnivore Deep sea–carnivore Demersal–carnivore Deep sea–carnivore Deep sea–carnivore Deep sea–carnivore Deep sea–carnivore Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Muscle Liver 23.six 32.9 30.4 45.2 39.1 37.5 38.five 23.two 19.4 16.5 11.two 10.5 six.6 six.four six.four three.two 13.eight 12.six 4.7 7.six four.4 three.six three.4 1.7 three.7 3.1 3.4 six.1 2.3 1.two 2.9 3.four 15.four 27.9 23.three 36.five 32.2 32.3 28.9 16.six Epipelagic– planktivore Epipelagic– planktivore Epipelagic– planktivore Epipelagic– planktivore Skin Skin Muscle Muscle 6.1 six.7 13.4 14.9 23.eight 25.four 21.0 21.6 16.9 17.eight 11.7 11.eight 1.1 1.two 1.2 1.2 two.5 2.eight 10.0 11.n-3/n6 0.three 0.3 0.7 0.Reference This study This study This study This study [45] [45] [46] [45] [46] [46] [46] [46]1.2 2.0 2.7 four.3 five.9 5.9 six 7.0.9 2.8 two.9 27.eight 0.9 1.eight 2.7 0.5 0.7 0.[17] [25] [47] [48] [18] [49] [50] [19] [19] [19]Data from this study for Rhincodon typus and Manta alfredi are expressed in both mol and wt format, with all literature data as wt EPA eicosapentaenoic acid, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, AA arachidonic acidare assumed to be incidentally ingested [22]. The feeding apparatus and feeding tactic of R. typus and M. alfredi are adapted for targeting bigger prey [23, 24]. There is no observational proof of either species targeting phytoplankton, but there are frequent observations o.